NEW YORK – CIRCA 1966: Motown recording star Tammi Terrell poses for a portrait circa1966 in New York City, New York. (Photo by James Kriegsmann/Michael Ochs Archive/Getty Images)
Tammi Terrell remains one of the most famous voices of the 1960s. Alongside Marvin Gaye, Terrell recorded hits like “Ain’t No Mountain High Enough” that became classics still belted out by audiences decades after their releases, resonating with every generation that hears the duo’s voices together on the soulful records.
Yet, despite her talent and success, Terrell suffered through a tumultuous life behind the luxury veil of fame. She was the victim of multiple abuses and a brain tumor that cut her career and life short at the age of 24. This Women’s History Month, falling on the 56th anniversary of her death, we are sharing the details of Tammi Terrell’s tragic life story.
Early Days
UNSPECIFIED – JANUARY 01: Photo of Tammi Terrell (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images)
Born April 29, 1945, in Philadelphia, Thomasina Winifred Montgomery was the eldest of three and came from a creative, outspoken family. Her father, Thomas Montgomery, whom she was named after, owned a barbershop and was a local politician, while her mother, Jennie Graham, was an actress.
Painful Childhood
NEW YORK – CIRCA 1966: Motown recording star Tammi Terrell poses for a portrait circa1966 in New York City, New York. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archive/Getty Images)
Terrell had a difficult childhood. Her mother suffered from mental illness, and Tammi had frequent migraines. These headaches arose after she was raped at the age of 11 by three boys, according to the publication All That’s Interesting. Unfortunately, the migraines plagued Terrell for her entire life and were only the beginning of the tragedies she would endure.
A Young Star
NEW YORK – CIRCA 1966: Motown recording star Tammi Terrell poses for a portrait circa1966 in New York City, New York. (Photo by James Kriegsmann/Michael Ochs Archive/Getty Images)
As a child, Terrell was musically inclined, often singing at her church or in local talent shows and amazing audiences with her mature voice. Her obvious talent helped her secure gigs doing backing vocals for icons like Patti LaBelle at the age of 13.
By the time she turned 15, Terrell had caught the attention of producer and singer Luther Dixon, who signed her to Scepter Records in 1960 under the name Tammy Montgomery. With the record label, Terrell released her first single, “If You See Bill,” under her new moniker, beginning her career as a solo artist.
An Honors Student
NEW YORK – CIRCA 1966: Motown recording star Tammi Terrell poses for a portrait circa1966 in New York City, New York. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archive/Getty Images)
Though Tammi Terrell was already establishing a name for herself within the entertainment industry, she was also a star student. Per Soul Publications, she graduated from Germantown High School in Philadelphia as an honor student and was even granted a full scholarship to the University of Pennsylvania where she planned to become a doctor. However, her passion for entertainment won out in the end and Terrell never completed her studies.
Touring With James Brown
UNSPECIFIED – JANUARY 01: Photo of Tammi TERRELL; Posed studio portrait of Tammi Terrell (Photo by Gilles Petard/Redferns)
After three years with Scepter Records, Terrell met James Brown at the age of 18. Impressed by her talent, Brown signed Terrell to his record label, Try Me, in 1963 and released her second single, “I Cried,” with Brown. She also spent time on the road with the musician as one of his backup singers.
Suffering Behind The Scenes
L, James Brown (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images); R, Tammi Terrell (Photo by Michael Ochs Archive/Getty Images)
While many might imagine life on the road to be glamorous, Terrell was experiencing horrific amounts of abuse. The 18-year-old was romantically linked with the then 30-year-old James Brown, who would often beat her.
In a 1989 interview with Rolling Stone, Bobby Bennett, a member of Brown’s band the Famous Flames, recounted one instance when Brown beat Terrell and left her badly injured. “He beat Tammi Terrell terrible. She was bleeding, shedding blood. Tammi left him because she didn’t want her butt whipped,” he said.
Move To Motown Records
Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell, portrait, United States, 1967. (Photo by Gilles Petard/Redferns)
By 1965, Terrell had caught the attention of Motown founder Berry Gordy and signed with the label that same year on her 20th birthday. While at Motown, Gordy suggested another name change for Terrell, dubbing her Tammi Terrell as he felt it had more sex appeal than Tammy Montgomery, according to the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame.
Gordy also set Terrell up with Motown’s leading man at the time, Marvin Gaye, and the two would go on to become one of the most iconic duos of all time. Together, they made the classic tunes “Ain’t No Mountain High Enough,” “You’re All I Need to Get By” and recorded three albums.
More Abuse Behind The Scenes
Although Terrell was beginning to achieve success alongside Marvin Gaye, she was still struggling in other areas of her life, particularly her romantic life. While at Motown Records, the young artist was linked to the lead singer of the Temptations, David Ruffin.
Like her relationship with James Brown, Terrell’s relationship with Ruffin was marred by abuse. The two would have arguments that became physical altercations. According to The Root, Ruffin once struck Terrell on the head with a motorcycle helmet. Terrell ended the relationship soon after.
Height Of Her Career
In 1967, Terrell earned her first Grammy recognition with Marvin Gaye for Best Rhythm & Blues Group Performance, Vocal or Instrumental for their single “Ain’t No Mountain High Enough.” That same year, the duo went on tour promoting their most recent album, “United.” Unfortunately, it was when Terrell was at the top of her game that she was struck with a deadly diagnosis.
Diagnosed With A Brain Tumor
NEW YORK – CIRCA 1966: Motown recording star Tammi Terrell poses for a portrait circa 1966 in New York City, New York. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archive/Getty Images)
During the tour, Terrell’s migraines only got worse, leading her to collapse in Marvin Gaye’s arms during a performance in Virginia on Oct. 14, 1967, according to the music publication Grunge. Terrell was then diagnosed with a brain tumor and had to undergo several surgeries.
Persevering
1967: Soul singers Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell chat with TV host Hugh Downs on the set of a TV show where they were to perform their hit duet “Ain’t No Mountain High Enough” in 1967. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images)
Despite her diagnosis, Terrell persevered with her passion and went on to record her hits “You’re All I Need to Get By” and “Ain’t Nothing Like the Real Thing.” However, her tumor continued to cause her more problems. In 1969, she was on strict orders by doctors not to perform and would even become too ill to record, according to soul music publication WBSS Media.
Final Public Appearance
UNSPECIFIED – JANUARY 01: Photo of Tammi TERRELL and Marvin GAYE; Posed studio of Marvin Gaye with Tammi Terrell circa 1967 (Photo by Echoes/Redferns)
In 1969, Terrell gave her last performance and public appearance. Per the pop culture publication Far Out Magazine, while Terrell was attending Marvin Gaye’s concert at the Apollo Theater, Gaye spotted her in the crowd and brought her on stage. Together, the duo sang a heart-wrenching rendition of “You’re All I Need to Get By” and received a standing ovation.
Gone Too Soon
NEW YORK – CIRCA 1967: Motown recording star Tammi Terrell poses for a portrait circa1967 in New York City, New York. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archive/Getty Images)
After facing multiple complications from her surgeries, Terrell had to use a wheelchair, faced blindness and lost hair and weight. On Jan. 21, 1970, she fell into a coma after her eighth brain surgery and passed away on March 16, 1970, the month before her 25th birthday, according to Smooth Radio.
While Terrell’s death affected her family and fans, the young artist’s passing deeply affected Marvin Gaye. It served as the catalyst for his depression and inspired his 1971 album “What’s Going On?” according to the Motown Museum. It is also rumored that Gaye was the only Motown member allowed to attend Terrell’s funeral after her mother banned the record label from attending.
Although Tammi Terrell tragically suffered many times throughout her 24 years of life, she remains one of the iconic voices of Motown and one of the brightest young stars of the 1960s whose talent was taken far too soon.
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