One day, they are on top of the world, basking in the literal and proverbial spotlight, the subject of global obsession and speculation–hounded by reporters, adored by millions of fans.

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And the next, they’re simply gone.

The cultural zeitgeist is filled with mysterious cases of ultra-famous figures who die tragically under questionable circumstances, or who somehow vanish without a trace. The police are left baffled, investigations turn cold, and these cases, eventually, are often written off as unsolvable, relegated to the forums of true crime podcasts, gossip columns, and public debate.

Our upcoming mystery, The Midnight Show, centers on such a figure, Lillian Martin, the breakout star of a late-night 1980s sketch show, who disappeared from the Williamsburg Bridge at the peak of her career. Theories run rampant as to what could have happened—was Lillian a tragic victim of her own excesses? Did she overdose? Jump? Was she murdered by a stalker, a mugger–or could she have been killed by someone in her inner circle?

Our novel is presented as a reexamination of Lillian’s forty-year-old cold case, a contemporary journalist’s investigation into the star’s life and final night, told through news articles, emails, and interviews with her TMS co-stars, as well as others who knew Lillian best. The more our journalist digs, the more she unveils a fractured, complicated portrait of the legendary comedian and the cutthroat world in which she tried to thrive. In the process, this reporter stirs up decades-old drama…along with tightly-held secrets some comedy legends would much rather stay buried.

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But our tragic young star, the late Lillian Martin, obviously wasn’t created in a vacuum: Here are six famous real-life celebrity deaths and disappearances that informed Lillian’s story, many of which still confound the public, and puzzle true crime experts, today.

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Dorothy Arnold

Arnold’s disappearance sent shockwaves through New York high society when, on December 12, 1910, the American socialite and aspiring writer vanished sometime between shopping on Fifth Avenue and family dinnertime. Interestingly, her father waited weeks to alert the police, ostensibly to avoid unwanted press, and instead relied on the help of family lawyers and private investigators.

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Personal letters, burned papers, and brochures from transatlantic steamship lines pointed to a possible elopement (gone sour?). Arnold’s failed writing career and final commentary from Arnold herself to friends suggested suicide. Several years later, a convicted felon even claimed he was hired by a wealthy man to help bury the body of a young woman, with story details suggesting this woman was Arnold.

No body was ever found, however, and alleged Arnold “sightings” kept happening around the world for decades.

John Belushi

A groundbreaking cast member of Saturday Night Live, Belushi’s career greatly inspired Lillian’s. This star’s life was cut tragically short at thirty-three, when the young legend was found dead in a Chateau Marmont hotel room in March of 1982.

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Belushi was a hurricane of a presence, widely known for his hard partying and drug addictions, but his sudden death stunned the world. Had Belushi’s lifestyle finally caught up with him? Was this an overdose or something more?

An autopsy investigation and further questioning eventually revealed that Belushi’s drug dealer, Cathy Smith, had given him staggering (and clearly lethal) amounts of cocaine and heroin through repeated injections, despite her initial testimony to the contrary. Smith was eventually found guilty of involuntary manslaughter several years later.

Andy Kaufman

Kaufman’s eccentric comedy style and weird, whimsical nature heavily inspired Lillian’s approach to the craft, and, like Lillian, Kaufman passed away tragically before his genius and career could fully bloom. Kaufman was a repeat guest on Saturday Night Live’s first season, as well as a frequent talk show and sketch show guest throughout the ’70s and early ’80s.

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He was also a committed, well-known prankster, often staging long-legged ruses…which led to rampant rumors that Kaufman’s own death was one of these elaborate hoaxes. Despite his family and the coroner office’s insistence that Kaufman did indeed die of a rare form of lung cancer in 1984, the comedian’s life and death are still enshrouded in mystery.

Christa Helm

A strategic, alluring beauty from the Midwest, Helm arrived in 1970s Hollywood with big dreams and an insatiable hunger to make them happen. On screen, she scored big with roles in Wonder Woman and Starsky & Hutch, while off-screen, she was tallying conquests of a different sort, logging the names of powerful men and women she’d slept with. This secret diary, according to Helm’s friends, read like a Who’s Who of Hollywood—a document that could have exposed many high-profile players’ deepest secrets, should it have fallen into the wrong hands.

On the night of February 12, 1977, Helm was brutally murdered outside of her agent’s Los Angeles home, with authorities speculating, from the violent, multiple stab wounds, that the crime was one of passion. Could Helm’s diary, which disappeared after her death, have been the impetus for her murder? Or was this a crime of jealousy, or even revenge?

Forty years later, Helm’s diary was never found—nor, for that matter, was her killer.

Natalie Wood

A beloved child actress, Natalie Wood had taken a break from acting for various personal reasons but had been staging a promising comeback with her 1981 production, Brainstorm. On a break from filming, during a sailing excursion off Catalina Island with her husband Robert Wagner and co-star Christopher Walken, Wood fell overboard and drowned—or so it seemed. Witnesses later emerged who claimed they heard a woman screaming at sea on the night of Wood’s death.

The captain of the boat eventually contradicted his earlier testimony, stating that Wood and Wagner had been arguing her final night. The coroner also noted bruises on Wood’s arms, in addition to the alcohol in her system. The case was reopened decades later, with her cause of death eventually changed from “accidental drowning” to “drowning and other undetermined factors.” The full story still remains a mystery.

Gilda Radner

Gilda Radner died in her forties after a long battle with cancer, but no list about Lillian Martin could be complete without her. One of the three original SNL female cast members, as well as an actress who appeared in dozens of films, TV shows, and stage productions, Radner had her own delightful, wacky, wholly singular brand of funny. A true comedic genius and icon beloved by audiences, fellow cast members and co-stars alike for her authenticity and approachability, Radner is typically described as a ray of sunshine in human form…and yet her life was not without shadows.

During the height of her fame, Radner was hospitalized for eating disorders and battled severe insecurity, imposter syndrome, and depression. A startling talent who made millions laugh while simultaneously struggling with deep personal hardship, Gilda will forever hold her own mystique, and serve as an inspiration for generations of funny women to come.

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The Midnight Show bookcover

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